World Socionics

Alexander Hamilton (1755 or 1757-1804) was one of the founding fathers of the United States of America. Born out of wedlock in the Caribbean, Hamilton immigrated to America on the eve of its revolution against British control. He studied law and wrote essays arguing passionately for greater freedom from Britain, one of the most known being a rebuttal against “a Westchester Farmer” (a pen name for Samuel Seabury) called ‘Farmer Refuted’. Hamilton interrupted his schooling to join the continental army where his leadership skills were noticed and he rose through the ranks to eventually become right hand man to General and first President George Washington ( ESI ). After the war, Hamilton took part in the constitutional convention to replace the failing articles of confederation, in which he gave a 6-hour speech in support of his own form of government, which many in the convention believed gave far too much authority to the executive branch and thus this speech made made him a lot of en...

Jordan Bernt Peterson is a Canadian clinical psychologist who currently holds a professorship in psychology at the University of Toronto. Dr. Peterson has conducted research in a wide range of psychological sub-fields. However, his main areas of study include personality psychology, as well as abnormal & social psychology, with an emphasis on personal self-improvement and the psychological role of mythological belief systems. Throughout his career in academia, Peterson has also maintained a clinical practice treating up to 20 patients per week. For much of his professional life, Jordan Peterson was not well-known outside his field of study. However, that all changed in 2016 when he gained international notoriety for his very public criticisms of political correctness, and opposition to the Canadian government's Bill C-16 which, among other things, permitted the legal compulsion of preferred gender pronoun usage. Since then, Peterson has continually been in the media spotli...

Ayn Rand (born Alisa Zinovyevna Rosenbaum) was a Russian-American novelist, screenwriter, playwright, newspaper columnist, and philosopher, best known for her two bestselling novels, The Fountainhead (1943) and Atlas Shrugged (1957), and for the philosophical system she developed, called Objectivism . The Fountainhead gave her widespread "mainstream" success and even acclaim, but Atlas Shrugged and her non-fiction writings on Objectivism made her a polarising political and cultural figure, even after her death at 77 in 1982. To some extent that remains true to this day - at least in the United States, where she remains a household name. Her cultural impact in other countries seems to be negligible; on the other hand her two main novels remain in print in the UK and can be found even in smaller bookshops. Life and work : Born in St Petersburg in 1905 in a Jewish family of upper-middle-class means - her father owned a small business - Rand's worldview was, by her o...

Samuel Benjamin "Sam" Harris  is an author, philosopher and neuroscientist, known for being one of the 'Four Horsemen of New Atheism' alongside Christopher Hitchens ( ESI ), Richard Dawkins ( LSE ) and Daniel Dennett ( ILE ). Sam Harris is commonly known for his writings on Atheism, including the award-winning The End of Faith  (2004), where he criticised organised religion, and later responded to criticisms from Christians in America. In its place, he advocates a scientific approach to normative morality. More recently, Harris has turned his attention to Islam as a major focus of critique. He is also known for his irregular podcast Waking Up with Sam Harris , airing since 2013. To get a good view of Sam Harris' type, it is important to first get a good sense of his values, the things that are of import to him, and that which he finds most repugnant. Throughout his work, a consistent theme is valuing an approach to knowledge and our ideas of truth, based ...