World Socionics

Otto, Prince of Bismarck, Count of Bismarck-Schönhausen, Duke of Lauenburg (born Junker Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck ,   1815-1898) was chancellor of Prussia and later Germany. He is best known for his achievement of unifying the various German states (completed in 1871), which he continued to govern as Chancellor until his dismissal by Kaiser Wilhelm II ( EIE ) in 1890. One of the most interesting things about Bismarck was his lack of real power. As a mere chancellor, his position was completely at the mercy of his benefactor, the King of Prussia and later German Kaiser, Wilhelm I. Wilhelm always had the final say as a somewhat absolute monarch, and could override or fire his chancellor whenever he wished, and in addition to that, any specific domestic law that Bismarck wanted needed to be passed by the Reichstag. Despite this, Bismarck’s contemporaries, including his friends and enemies (of which he had many) widely considered him to be a dictator. This is because, despite h...

Henry Alfred Kissinger (born Heinz Kissinger in 1923) is a German-American writer, geopolitical analyst, consultant, and former National Security Advisor and Secretary of State to presidents Richard Nixon ( ESI ) and Gerald Ford ( SLI ), having the distinction of being the only person in history to have held both titles at the same time. Kissinger’s reputation is controversial. He is praised by some for his use of realpolitik , an approach to diplomacy that chooses to eschew ideology or morality in favor of pragmatism. He is also praised by many for his achievements, including his pivotal role in pursuing détente with the Soviet Union, opening negotiations with the diplomatically isolated Maoist China, negotiating a ceasefire to the Yom-Kippur war, setting the stage for long-lasting peace between Israel and Egypt (completed during the Carter administration), and negotiating the end of America’s involvement in the Vietnam war. However, Kissinger is also routinely criticized for his ...

Napoléon Bonaparte (1769 - 1821) , otherwise known by the regnal name Napoleon I , was a French general, politician, and emperor, who thanks to circumstances provided by the French Revolution, rose from mild Corsican nobility through the ranks to lead Revolutionary France through wars against 5 coalitions, expanding its borders to cover most of Western Europe and parts of Eastern Europe. Widely considered to be one of the greatest military generals in history, he is also remembered for his many domestic reforms within France, his most notable being the standardization of France’s different regional legal systems into a single 'Napoleonic Code' which would go on to form the basis of most Western European legal systems. Following his defeat in the war of the 6th coalition, Napoleon was exiled to the small island of Elba, which he had been promised for him to rule as a sort of mini-emperor. However, after less than a year, with the deal not being upheld, he snuck back to France to...